The Mother of All Peoples

(35) Blessed Teresa of Calcutta, Personal Interview with the Author, Calcutta, August 14, 1993.

(36) Cf. St. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica, III, Q. 27, a. 6.

(37) John Paul II, Redemptoris Mater, No. 21.

(38) John Paul II, Wednesday Audience of October 1, 1997; L'Osservatore Romano, English edition, October 8, 1997, p. 11.

(39) St. Ephraem, Oratio IV, Ad Deiparam.

(40) Lumen Gentium, No. 61.

(41) Pius VII, Ampliatio privilegiorum ecclesiae B. V. Virginis ab angelo salutatae, in Fratrum Ordinis Servorum B.V.M. Florentiae, 1806; Armand J. Robichaud, S.M., "Mary, Dispensatrix of All Graces," Mariology, II, p. 429.

(42) Pius IX, Encyclical Ubi primum, February 2, 1849.

(43) Leo XIII, Encyclical Octobri mense, September 22, 1891; ASS 24.

(44) St. Pius X, Ad diem illum, Nos. 12, 13.

(45) Cf. La Vie Diocèsaine, Vol. 10, 1921, pp. 96-106, Rescript of the Sacred Congregation of Rites, January 12, 1921.

(46) Benedict XV, Inter Sodalicia.

(47) Benedict XV, in E. Druwé, Actes de Benoit XV, Vol. 2, 1926.

(48) Pius XI, Apostolic Letter, Cognitum sane, January 14, 1926; AAS 18.

(49) Pius XI, Encyclical Miserentissimus Redemptor, May 8, 1928; AAS 20, 1928.

(50) Pius XII, Encyclical Doctor Mellifluus, May 24, 1953, No. 30; AAS 45, 1953.

(51) Pius XII, Encyclical Mediator Dei, November 20, 1947, No. 169; AAS 38, 1947.

(52) Lumen Gentium, No. 62.

(53) December 1, 1978, address to the General Council, Provincial Superiors and Directors of the Italian Institutes of the Congregation of St. Joseph (Giuseppini of St. Leonard Murialdo), No. 3, Inseg I, 1978, 250; August 30, 1980, address to young people at Our Lady's Shrine on Mount Roio, No. 3, Inseg III/2, 1980, 495; L'Osservatore Romano, English edition, 648:3; January 17, 1988, Angelus Address, No. 2, Inseg XI/1, 1988, 119; L'Osservatore Romano, English edition, 1023:5; April 10, 1988, homily for Octave of Easter in the Roman parish of Mary, Mother of the Redeemer, No. 7, Inseg XI/1, 1988, 863; L'Osservatore Romano, English edition, 1036:11; July 2, 1990, reflection made at the Shrine of Our Lady of Graces in Benevento, No. 1, Inseg XIII/2, 1990, 17; L'Osservatore Romano, English edition, 1148:2; June 28, 1996, address to the General Chapter of the Mercedarian Sisters of Charity, No. 4, Inseg XIX/1, 1996, 1638; L'Osservatore Romano, English edition, 1451:5.

(54) July 2, 1990, reflection made at the Shrine of Our Lady of Graces in Benevento, No. 1, Inseg XIII/2, 1990, 17; L'Osservatore Romano, English edition, 1148:2

(55) John Paul II, Redemptoris Mater, No. 41.

(56) For example, cf. J. Bittremieux, De mediatione universali B.M. Virginis quoad gratias, Burgis, 1926; Robichaud, S.M., "Mary, Dispensatrix of all Graces," Mariology, II, pp. 426-460; Garrigou-LaGrange, O.P., Mother of Our Savior and the Interior Life, tr. Bernard Kelly, C.S.Sp., Golden Eagle Book, Dublin, Ireland, 1948, Ch. III, p. 235; Roschini, O.S.V., Mariologia, 2nd ed., Rome, F. Ferrari, 1947-1948, Mariologia, Vol. II; Cardinal Lépicier, O.S.M., Tractatus de B.V.M., Romae, 1926; E. Hugon, O.P., La causalité instrumentale, Paris, 1929; William Most, Mary in Our Life, New York: Kenedy and Sons, 1956, p. 38.

(57) Cf. Bittremieux, De mediatione universali; Robichaud, S.M., "Mary, Dispensatrix of all Graces," Mariology, II, p. 435.

(58) Cf. H. M. Manteau-Bonamy, O.P., Immaculate Conception and Holy Spirit: The Marian Teachings of Fr. Kolbe, Wisconsin: Prow-Franciscan Marytown Press, 1977, Ch. II, III, IV.

(59) Cf. St. Ambrose, Expos. ev. sec. Luc. II, 7; Lumen Gentium, No. 62-65.

(60) Cf. Garrigou-LaGrange, O.P., Mother of Our Savior and the Interior Life, tr. Bernard Kelly, C.S.Sp., Golden Eagle Book, Dublin, Ireland, 1948, p. 235; Robichaud, S.M., "Mary, Dispensatrix of all Graces," Mariology, II; Roschini, Mariologia, Vol. II, Cardinal Lépicier, O.S.M., Tractatus de B.V.M.; E. Hugon, O.P., La causalité instrumentale, Paris, 1929; William Most, Mary in Our Life, New York: Kenedy and Sons, 1956, p. 38.

(61) De Montfort, True Devotion, No. 17.

(62) De Montfort, True Devotion, No. 24.

(63) Hugin, O.P. La causalité instrumentale en theologie, 1907, p. 195.

(64) William Most, Mary in Our Life, p. 38.

(65) St. Bernard, Hom. in nativit. B.V.M., Nos. 7, 6, 3-4.

(66) St. Irenaeus, Adversus Haereses, V, c. 19, 1.

(67) Cf. Edward Sri, Dawn of the Messiah: The Coming of Christ in Scripture, Servant Books, 2005, pp. 41-42.

(68) Cf. Gerard S. Sloyan, Ph.D., "Marian Prayers," Carol, ed., Mariology, Vol. III, Milwaukee, Bruce, 1961, pp. 64-68.

(69) Cf. Fr. Michael O'Carroll, C.S.Sp., "Salve Regina," Theotokos: A Theological Encyclopedia of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Michael Glazier, Inc., 1983, p. 317.

(70) Pope St. Pius X, Virgine sanctissima, papal prayer on the fiftieth anniversary of the definition of the Immaculate Conception, September 8, 1903; Papal Teachings: Our Lady, Selected and Arranged by the Benedictine Monks of Solesmes, trans. Daughters of St. Paul, St. Paul Editions, 1961, p. 165.

(71) Pope Pius XI, papal allocution to French pilgrims present for reading of "de tuto," Canonization of Blessed Antida Thouret, 15 August 1933, L'Osservatore Romano, August 15, 1933.

(72) Pope Pius XII, papal allocution at the Canonization of Blessed Louis Marie Grignon de Montfort, 21 July 1947, AAS 39, 408.

(73) L'Osservatore Romano, English edition, April 2, 1984, pp. 8-10.

(74) Paul VI, discourse at the end of the Second Vatican Council's third session, November 21, 1964.

(75) Charles Cardinal Journet, Theology of the Church, Ignatius, 2004, p. 98.

(76) Ibid., p. 94.